THE USED OF DERIVATIONAL AND INFLECTIONAL MORPHEMES IN THE JAKARTA POST ARTICLE
By :
AYU MIRANTI PUJI LESTARI
ABSTRACT
This research analyze about the used of Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes in The Jakarta Post article. Derivational Morphemes are bound morphemes to make new words or to make words of different grammatical category from the stem. Inflectional Morphemes are used to show if a word is plural or singular, past tense or not, or comparative or possessive form. By this research we can understand how to identify the words that included of derivational or inflectional morphemes. This data of this research is the words that consist of derivational suffixes, plural morphemes, past tense morphemes, comparative morphemes and possessive morphemes which written in The Jakarta post article published on 2nd January 2012. In this paper I would describe about derivational morphemes, inflectional morphemes, and The Jakarta Post Newspaper.
Key words : Derivational morphemes, Inflectional morphemes, and The Jakarta Post Newspaper.
Introduction
1.1 Background of Study
In many languages, everything which appears to be single forms actually turn out to contain a large number of word elements. This form, however, are different on each language. As Yule's example (2006) in Swahili, the form nitakupenda conveys, in English,would have to be represented as something like “i love you”. It however, would seem that this Swahili word is rather different from “word“ in English. Still in Yule, the investigation of basic forms in language generally known as Morphology. The word “morphology” started used in linguistics including inflectional and derivational Morphemes (these word are found by Goethe and primarily used in biology for learning about part of living organism.Derivational Morphemes are bound morphemes to make new words or to make words of different grammatical category from the stem. And Inflectional Morphemes are used to show if a word is plural or singular, past tense or not, or comparative or possessive form. In this paper I wants to analyze the used of Derivational and inflectional Morphemes in The Jakarta post article. In short, this research is very important to be analyzed in order to know the process of internal structure of word and the word which include of derivational and inflectional Morphemes which written in Jakarta Post Newspaper.
The definition
Derivational Morphemes
There are morphemes in English that are called derivational morphemes because when they are conjoined to other morphemes (or word meaning from the original word a new word is derived, or formed. The derived word may have a different meaning from the original word and may even be in a different grammatical class from the underived word. Thus, when a verb is suffixed with able, the result is an adjective, as in desire + able or adore + able. Or when the suffix -en is added to an adjective, a verb may be derived, as dark + en. One may form a noun from an adjective, as in sweet + ie. A few other examples are :
Noun to verb to Adjective to Noun to
adjective noun adverb verb
boy + ish acquit + al exact + ly moral + ise
virtu + ous clear + ance quiet + ly vaccine + ate
Elizabeth + an accus + ation brand + ish
pictur + esque confer + ence haste + n
affection + ate sing + er
health + ful conform + ist
alcohol + ic predict + ion
life + like free + dom
Inflectional Morpheme
Many languages, including English to some extent, contain ‘bound’ morphemes that to, are for the most part purely grammatical markers, representing such concepts as ‘tense’, ‘number’, ‘gender’, ‘case’, and so forth.
Such ‘bound’ grammatical morphemes are called Inflectional morphemes : they never change the syntactic category of the words or morphemes to which they are attached. English is no longer a highly inflected language. But we do have other inflectional endings. The plurality of many count nouns, for example, is usually marked by a plural suffix attached to the singular noun, as in boy/boys and cat/cats. At the present stage of English history, there are a total of seven bound inflectional affixes :
English Inflectional morpheme Examples
-s third person singular present She wait-s at home.
-ed past tense She wait-ed at home.
-ing progressive She is eat-ing the donut.
-en past participle Mary has eat-en the donuts.
-s plural She ate the donut-s.
-er comparative Disa has short-er hair than Karin.
-est superlative Disa has the short hair.
The Jakarta post newspaper
The Jakarta Post is a daily English language newspaper in Indonesia. The paper is owned by PT Bina Media Tenggara, and the head office is in the nation's capital,jakarta ( www.wikipedia.com) The year 1983 marked an important milestone in the history of media publishing in Indonesia when the first issue of The Jakarta Post appeared on April 25.The new English daily is unique, not only in its goal, which is to improve the standard of English language media in Indonesia, but also in bringing together four competing media publishers into producing a quality newspaper with an Indonesian perspective..( www.thejakartapost.com).
1.1 Research Problem
Based on the description introduction above, this study is conducted to answer the following research problem : How many Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes that found in The Jakarta Post article?
1.3 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The area of this study is morphology, especially for investigating the Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes in The Jakarta Post article which is written in the health article published on 2nd January 2012.
Finding and discussion
Based on the research problem, this research is conducted to concerning of Derivational and Inflectional morphemes. This term will be discussed by analyzing the word one by one in order to makes this research completely. The words are taken from the health article of The Jakarta Post published on 2nd January 2012.
Derivational morphemes
1. Healthy à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ly changes the noun health to the adjective healthy.2. Ultimately à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ly changes the adjective ultimate to the adverb ultimately.3. Achievement à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ment changes the verb achieve to the noun achievement.4. Colorful à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ful changes the noun color to the adjective colorful.5. Empowerment à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ment changes the verb empower to the adjective empowerment.6. Protection à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ion changes the verb protect to the noun protection.7. Requirement à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ment changes the verb require to the noun requirement.8. Restriction à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ion changes the verb restrict to the noun restriction.9. Tolerable à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -able changes the verb tolerate to the adjective tolerable.10. Deployment à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ment changes the verb deploy to the adjective deployment.11. Education à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ion changes the verb educate to the noun education.12. Inspection à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ion changes the verb inspect to the noun inspection.13. Investigation à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ion changes the verb investigate to the noun investigation.14. Violation à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ion changes the verb violate to the noun violation.15. Importance à 
The addition of derivational morphemes -ance changes the adjective important to the noun importance.Inflectional Morphemes
PI : possessive inflection
CI : comparative inflection
PuI : plural inflection
PpI : present participle inflection
PtI : past tense inflection
TI : third person singular present inflection
1. Snacks à 
suffix -s in noun snack is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.2. schools à 
suffix -s in noun school is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.3. drugs à 
suffix -s in noun drug is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.4. supervising à 
suffix -ing in verb supervise is present principle inflection to marking that the word is progressive.
5. plans à 
suffix -s in noun plan is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.6. foods à 
suffix -s in noun food is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.7. Agency’s à 
suffix -‘s in noun agency is possessive inflection to marking that the word is possessive.8. Launched à 
suffix -ed in verb launch is past tense inflection to marking that the word happened in the past.9. Ministry’s à 
suffix -‘s in noun ministry is possessive inflection to marking that the word is possessive.10. Meals à 
suffix -s in noun meal is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.11. Vendors à 
suffix -s in noun vendor is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.12. Times à 
suffix -s in noun time is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.13. Consumed à 
suffix -ed in verb consume is past tense inflection to marking that the word happened in the past.14. Years à 
suffix -s in noun year is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.15. Students à 
suffix -s in noun student is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.16. Younger à 
suffix -er in adjective young is comparative inflection to marking that the word is comparative. 17. Tented à 
suffix -ed in noun tent is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.18. Attracted à 
suffix -ed in verb attract is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.19. Ignoring à 
suffix -ing in verb ignore is present principle inflection to marking that the word is progressive.20. Facts à 
suffix -s in noun fact is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.21. Older à 
suffix -er in adjective old is comparative inflection to marking that the word is comparative.22. Kids à 
suffix -s in noun kid is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.23. Mothers à 
suffix -s in noun mother is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.24. Women’s à 
suffix -‘s in noun women is possessive inflection to marking that the word is possessive.25. Added à 
suffix -ed in verb add is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.26. According à 
suffix -ing in noun accord is present principle inflection to marking that the word is progressive.27. Offered à 
suffix -ed in noun offer is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.28. Accounted à 
suffix -ed in noun account is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.29. Schoolchildren’s à 
suffix -‘s in noun schollchildren is possessive inflection to marking that the word is possessive.30. Included à 
suffix -ed in verb include is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.31. Prohibited à 
suffix -ed in verb prohibit is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.32. Substances à 
suffix -s in noun substance is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.33. Dyes à 
suffix -s in verb dye is third person singular present inflection to marking that the word is an agreement.34. Products à 
suffix -s in noun product is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.35. Contained à 
suffix -ed in noun contain is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.36. Chemicals à 
suffix -s in noun chemical is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.37. Including à 
suffix -ing in noun include is past principle inflection to marking that the word is progressive.38. Samples à 
suffix -s in noun sample is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.39. Offices à 
suffix -s in noun office is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.40. Urged à 
suffix -ed in verb urge is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.41. Inspections à 
suffix -s in noun inspection is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.42. Increasing à 
suffix -ing in verb increase is present principle inflection to marking that the word is progressive.43. Exposed à 
suffix -ed in verb expose is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.44. Results à 
suffix -s in noun result is plural inflection to marking that the word is plural.45. Showed à 
suffix -ed in verb show is past tense inflection to marking that the word is happened in the past.